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Hierarchical microimaging of bone structure and function

Nature Rev Rheumatol. 2009 Jul;5(7):373-81.
In this review, strategies for new three-dimensional approaches for functional imaging in the study of micro- and ultrastructural bone are presented. The focus is on hierarchical assessment of bone failure using combined experimental and computational approaches.
New experimental insight into half-sarcomere (hs) dynamics
Fluorescence light micrograph of the cardiac myofibril during contraction. Bar, 2 µm.
We are first to provide experimental evidence of non-uniform behavior of half-sarcomeres during active states. This finding supports A.V. Hill’s statement more than 30 years ago “that it is inconceivable that
thousands of sarcomeres in series operate exactly the same”.
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ETH Life
Mit einem mobilen Röntgenapparat können ETH-Forscher des Instituts für Biomechanik das Knie erstmals beim normalen Gehen röntgen. Das Gerät soll helfen zu verstehen, wie sich ein eingesetztes künstliches Kniegelenk bei der Alltagsbewegung Gehen verhält.
english.
Weshalb will jemand eine Rekordgleichung mit über einer Milliarde Unbekannten lösen? Weil sich damit klären lässt, welche Belastung ein Knochen aushalten kann. Für die Osteoporoseforschung ist dies ein wichtiger Fortschritt.
Modern biomechanical investigations of the human body include the mechanics of the musculo-skeletal system and movement control from a macroscopic (organs) level down to a microscopic (cells) level, the basic elements of life and growth.
Many diseases like osteoporosis, arthritis, or muscle atrophy lead to reduced strength of the tissues concerned. At risk are the elderly and/or immobilized people due to age, illness, or injury and astronauts in a microgravity environment. To be able to monitor this risk in an early stage of development and to quantify optimal treatment and rehabilitation results is crucial for the welfare of society.
At our Institute we focus on the "musculo-skeletal system of the human body" and we are interested in the material properties of mammalian tissue. To quantify changes and adaptations of these materials through ontogenesis (from birth to death), and the plasticity (adaptation to mechanical demands) of these materials are of prime interest. In contrast to inorganic materials, biological tissue can change its mechanical properties to fulfill the requirements of work, leisure, and even in peak performance sports activities.
The Institute for Biomechanics is a multidisciplinary research unit dedicated to the biomechanical investigation of the human body. It currently consists of three professorships covering different areas of musculo-skeletal biomechanics.
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